The article examines the evolution of residential development in coastal cities from the 18th century to the present. The concept of a coastal city is understood as a settlement whose living environment is interconnected with the coastline of the sea or bay, which imposes special requirements on the strength of foundations, waterproofing and anticorrosive properties of materials. The author shows why residential buildings require close attention: they experience prolonged climatic effects of high humidity, salt spray and wind erosion, and social factors such as tourist demand and the value of sea panoramas affect the density and typology of buildings. The paper identifies the key stages of architectural development: from wooden log houses and apartment buildings of the XVIII–XIX centuries to reinforced concrete structures and CLT panels of the XXI century, complemented by modern methods of moisture protection and digital modeling (BIM). Based on a comparative analysis of the loci, recommendations are given on how to combine the preservation of historical appearance and the introduction of sustainable development technologies, including polymer composite coatings, green roofs and multi-level embankments.

Keywords: coastal city, residential building, historical development, environmental factor, social factor, sustainable development, waterproofing, corrosion resistance, information modeling, polymer composite coating, green roof, bulk area, marine erosion