The article examines the key climatic and operational factors that determine the duration of safe operation of ice winter shelters in the northern regions of Russia. Based on the analysis of the temperature regime, precipitation and dynamic loads from transport, patterns of changes in the strength and deformation of the ice cover have been identified. Practical recommendations on monitoring, ice reinforcement and load management have been developed to extend the service life of crossings and minimize risks.

Keywords: regime, dynamic loads, snow cover, hydrological factors, crossing safety, ice monitoring